feat(headers): Parse Upgrade header protocols further

Parses protocols into a name and a value part matching the RFC.
An enum contains all registered or known protocols, but contains
an extension variant.

Closes #480

BREAKING CHANGE: Upgrade header Protocol changed.

src/header/common/upgrade.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,7 @@
-use std::fmt;
+use std::fmt::{self, Display};
 use std::str::FromStr;
 use unicase::UniCase;
 
-use self::Protocol::{WebSocket, ProtocolExt};
-
 header! {
     #[doc="`Upgrade` header, defined in [RFC7230](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7230#section-6.7)"]
     #[doc=""]
@@ -31,47 +29,107 @@ header! {
     (Upgrade, "Upgrade") => (Protocol)+
 
     test_upgrade {
+        // Testcase from the RFC
         test_header!(
             test1,
             vec![b"HTTP/2.0, SHTTP/1.3, IRC/6.9, RTA/x11"],
-            Some(HeaderField(vec![
-                Protocol::ProtocolExt("HTTP/2.0".to_string()),
-                Protocol::ProtocolExt("SHTTP/1.3".to_string()),
-                Protocol::ProtocolExt("IRC/6.9".to_string()),
-                Protocol::ProtocolExt("RTA/x11".to_string()),
+            Some(Upgrade(vec![
+                Protocol::new(ProtocolName::Http, Some("2.0".to_string())),
+                Protocol::new(ProtocolName::Unregistered("SHTTP".to_string()), Some("1.3".to_string())),
+                Protocol::new(ProtocolName::Unregistered("IRC".to_string()), Some("6.9".to_string())),
+                Protocol::new(ProtocolName::Unregistered("RTA".to_string()), Some("x11".to_string())),
                 ])));
+        // Own tests
+        test_header!(
+            test2, vec![b"websocket"],
+            Some(Upgrade(vec![Protocol::new(ProtocolName::WebSocket, None)])));
+        #[test]
+        fn test3() {
+            let x: Option<Upgrade> = Header::parse_header(&[b"WEbSOCKet".to_vec()]);
+            assert_eq!(x, Some(Upgrade(vec![Protocol::new(ProtocolName::WebSocket, None)])));
+        }
     }
 }
 
-/// Protocol values that can appear in the Upgrade header.
-// TODO: Parse version part seperately
-#[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
-pub enum Protocol {
-    /// The websocket protocol.
+/// A protocol name used to identify a spefic protocol. Names are case-sensitive
+/// except for the `WebSocket` value.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub enum ProtocolName {
+    /// `HTTP` value, Hypertext Transfer Protocol
+    Http,
+    /// `TLS` value, Transport Layer Security [RFC2817](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2817)
+    Tls,
+    /// `WebSocket` value, matched case insensitively,Web Socket Protocol
+    /// [RFC6455](http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6455)
     WebSocket,
-    /// Some other less common protocol.
-    ProtocolExt(String),
+    /// `h2c` value, HTTP/2 over cleartext TCP
+    H2c,
+    /// Any other protocol name not known to hyper
+    Unregistered(String),
 }
 
-impl FromStr for Protocol {
+impl FromStr for ProtocolName {
     type Err = ();
-    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Protocol, ()> {
-        if UniCase(s) == UniCase("websocket") {
-            Ok(WebSocket)
-        }
-        else {
-            Ok(ProtocolExt(s.to_string()))
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl fmt::Display for Protocol {
-    fn fmt(&self, fmt: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
-        write!(fmt, "{}", match *self {
-            WebSocket => "websocket",
-            ProtocolExt(ref s) => s.as_ref()
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<ProtocolName, ()> {
+        Ok(match s {
+            "HTTP" => ProtocolName::Http,
+            "TLS" => ProtocolName::Tls,
+            "h2c" => ProtocolName::H2c,
+            _ => {
+                if UniCase(s) == UniCase("websocket") {
+                    ProtocolName::WebSocket
+                } else {
+                    ProtocolName::Unregistered(s.to_string())
+                }
+            }
         })
     }
 }
 
+impl Display for ProtocolName {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        f.write_str(match *self {
+            ProtocolName::Http => "HTTP",
+            ProtocolName::Tls => "TLS",
+            ProtocolName::WebSocket => "websocket",
+            ProtocolName::H2c => "h2c",
+            ProtocolName::Unregistered(ref s) => s,
+        })
+    }
+}
+
+/// Protocols that appear in the `Upgrade` header field
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct Protocol {
+    /// The protocol identifier
+    pub name: ProtocolName,
+    /// The optional version of the protocol, often in the format "DIGIT.DIGIT" (e.g.. "1.2")
+    pub version: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl Protocol {
+    /// Creates a new Protocol with the given name and version
+    pub fn new(name: ProtocolName, version: Option<String>) -> Protocol {
+        Protocol { name: name, version: version }
+    }
+}
+
+impl FromStr for Protocol {
+    type Err =();
+    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Protocol, ()> {
+        let mut parts = s.splitn(2, '/');
+        Ok(Protocol::new(try!(parts.next().unwrap().parse()), parts.next().map(|x| x.to_string())))
+    }
+}
+
+impl Display for Protocol {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter) -> fmt::Result {
+        try!(fmt::Display::fmt(&self.name, f));
+        if let Some(ref version) = self.version {
+            try!(write!(f, "/{}", version));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
 bench_header!(bench, Upgrade, { vec![b"HTTP/2.0, RTA/x11, websocket".to_vec()] });